Friday, 5 December 2014
User Desired LED Blinking
STEP 1:
Open LX-Terminal.
Create a file with .py extension
Ex: nano
userinput.py
Nano is a type of editor used to write the code in
that file named userinput.
Type the following code in that file by insert key or by typing letter I on keyboard.
STEP 2:
Program:
#! /usr/bin/python
Import os
Import time
Import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings (False)
GPIO.setup (17, GPIO.OUT) //configuring 17th
pin as output
GPIO.setup (27, GPIO.OUT) // configuring 27th
pin as output
#Setup variables for user input
led_choice = 0
count = 0
os.system (‘clear’)
print “which LED would you like to blink”
print “1: Red?”
print “2: Blue?”
led_choice = input (“choose your option: “) //user choice
if led_choice == 1: //
select led to blink
os.system (‘clear’)
print “You picked the Red LED”
count = input (“How many times would you
like it to blink? : ”) //user
enter purpose
while count > 0 :
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.HIGH)
time.sleep (1) //to
sleep for one second
GPIO.output (27, GPIO.LOW)
time.sleep
(1) // to sleep for one second
count
= count-1
if led_choice == 2: // select led to blink
os.system
(‘clear’)
print
”You picked the Blue LED”
count
= input (“How many times would you like to blink? : ”) //user
enter purpose
while
count > 0 :
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.HIGH)
time.sleep
(1) // to sleep for one second
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.LOW)
Time.sleep
(1) // to sleep for one second
count
= count-1
Save the file by typing :wq
and then press enter.
To check the
output:Type python userinput.py
Output 1:
Output 2:
Output 3:
Output 4:
Program to blink LED
STEP 1:
Open LXTerminal.
Create a file with .py extension
Ex: nano example.py
Nano is a type of editor used to write the code in
that file named example.
Type the following code in that file by insert key or by typing letter I on keyboard.
Program:
#!
/usr/bin/python
Import
time //importing
library called time
Import
RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings(False)
GPIO.setup
(17, GPIO.OUT) //configuring
17th pin as output
GPIO.setup
(27, GPIO.OUT) //configuring
27th pin as output
#Turn LED’S ON
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.HIGH)
Time.sleep
(1) //sleep
for one second
#Turn LED’S OFF
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.LOW)
Time.sleep
(1)
# Turn LED’S ON
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.HIGH)
Time.sleep
(1)
#Turn LED’S OFF
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.cleanup
LED Blinking using WHILE Loop:
#! /usr/bin/python
Import time
Import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode (GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setwarnings (False)
GPIO.setup (17, GPIO.OUT) //configuring 17th
pin as output
GPIO.setup (27, GPIO.OUT) //configuring 27th
pin as output
#while basically means loop foreverIt executes the code if some condition is true.
WHILE 1: //give
one tab in the while loop to overcome the indentation error while compiling
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.HIGH)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.HIGH)
Time.sleep
(1)
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.LOW)
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.LOW)
Time.sleep
(1)
To check the output:Type python example.py
in lx-terminal.
Output 1:
Output 2:
Program for Led Glowing(ON OR OFF)
STEP 1:
Open LX-Terminal.
Create a file with .py extension
Ex: nano led.py
Nano is a type of editor used to write the code in
that file named led.
Type the following code in that file by insert key or by typing letter I on keyboard.
Program:
To turn on LED’S
#!
/usr/bin/python
Import
RPi.GPIO as GPIO //To import the
RPi.GPIO module
GPIO.setmode
(GPIO.BCM) //Now set the mode to represent the
numbering scheme you prefer.
GPIO.cleanup
() //Return
all channels you have used back to inputs.
GPIO.setwarnings
(False) //Turn off warnings that are annoying.
GPIO.setup
(17, GPIO.OUT) //You need to set
up every channel you are using as input/output. This one is an output
GPIO.setup
(27, GPIO.OUT) //Setup again but this time pin 27.
Print
“Lights on” //To
turn LEDs ON
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.HIGH) // led
on purpose
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.HIGH) //led
on purpose
Save the file by typing :wq
and then press enter.
To check output:Type python
led.py
Output 1:
To turn off LED’S
#!
/usr/bin/python
Import
RPi.GPIO as GPIO //To
import the RPi.GPIO module
GPIO.setmode
(GPIO.BCM) //Now set the mode to represent the
numbering scheme you prefer.
GPIO.cleanup
() //Return all channels you
have used back to inputs.
GPIO.setwarnings
(False) //Turn off warnings that are
annoying.
GPIO.setup
(17, GPIO.OUT) //configuring 17th
pin as output
GPIO.setup
(27, GPIO.OUT) // configuring 27th pin as
output
Print
“Lights on” //To
turn LEDs ON
GPIO.output
(17, GPIO.LOW) // led
off purpose
GPIO.output
(27, GPIO.LOW) //led
off purpose
To check output:Type python led.py
Output 2:
Hello World Program
STEP 1:
Open LXTerminal.
Create a file with .py extension
Ex: nano
helloworld.py
Nano is a type of editor used to write the code in
that file named helloworld.
Type the following code in that file by insert key or by typing letter I on keyboard.
Program:
#!
/usr/bin/python //To ensure the correct interpreter
used.
#print
Hello World //comment
line.
print “Hello World”
//command
to print the statement.
Save the file by typing :wq
and then press enter.
To see the output type the following command
Ex: sudo python helloworld.py
Output:
Basic Settings On Raspberry Pi
The basic IO setup like keyboard, time
zone, display:
Open LXTERMINAL
After opening the terminal type “sudo raspi-config”.
To change the keyboard
layout into US layout (default: UK layout). Then select “4.Internationalisation
Options”. Go to ‘select’ by using right and left arrows.
Then a menu like this will appear
and then select ‘I3’ in the optins to change the
keyboard layout, and select the type of layout. Here we are using US layout
(that is the regular layout used in INDIA).
And then select type of key
board which is connected to Raspberry Pi board. Here I am using Dell keyboard
so that I am choosing Dell, then press OK below
The
below 3 images will tell you about keyboard layout, special keys, compose
key(multi key).
and the other two are
After
this we have to choose the option for enabling or disabling the through special
keys.
We
have to configure the time zone depending upon our geographical region.
Select
the time zone to set the time zone .
Here we have set the time zone of Kolkata,India.
Thursday, 4 December 2014
RASPBIAN OS INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
WRITING RASPBIAN
OS TO THE MEMORY CARD
COMPONENTS
REQUIRED
SD card.
SD formatter software.
RASPBIAN OS.
Win 32DiskImager software.
First
completely format the memory card.
To
format the memory card do the following procedure.
Download
SD formatter software for the following link.
Format
the memory card using SD formatter software.
Download
the RASPBERRYPI OS from the following link. The recommended OS is RASPBIAN.
http://downloads.raspberrypi.org/raspbian_latest
Unzip
the file that you just downloaded.
Download
the Win32DiskImager software from the following link.
Unzip the file and install the Win32Diskimager
software in the PC.
Writing RASPBIAN OS to the SD card:
1)
Plug your SD card into your PC.
2)
Run the file named Win32DiskImager.exe.
3)
If the SD card (Device) you are using
isn’t found automatically then click on the drop down box and select it.
4)
In the Image File box, choose the
Raspbian .img file that you downloaded.
5)
Click Write.
6)
After a few minutes you will have an SD
card that you can use in your Raspberry Pi.
Remotely Accessing the Raspberry Pi
In the previous section we discussed how to Configure Ethernet by using Raspberry Pi. (Please click here for details.)
HOW TO CONNECT
YOUR RASPBERRY PI TO LAPTOP USING LAN CABLE:
Installing/Configuring PuTTy and Xming
Click here to download XMING software
STEP 1:
After installing the putty and xming.
Then run the putty in admin mode.
STEP 2:
In the PUTTY configuration change the host name(or IP address) with the static IP address of the Raspberry Pi.To configure IP address statically reffer to Ethernet confiuration Of Raspberry Pi.
STEP 3:
Select SSH in Category and choose X11 option.
And select "Enable X11 forwarding".
After clicking on "Open",following terminal will appear.
Default username and password for Raspbian OS is "pi" and "raspberry".
Minimize PUTTY Terminal and open XMING software in admin mode.
Again come back to PUTTY terminal and type the command "lxsession".
After that a Raspbian OS GUI will appear on the screen.
If any error occurs refer to this link.
Configuration of Ethernet on Raspberry Pi
Step
1: Review current network settings(to see the prev net config)
From the command prompt or LXTerminal:
Type the command "ifconfig" this command will display the current network settings.
Type the command "ifconfig" this command will display the current network settings.
Step
2: Backup the current network configuration
It is a
good idea to make a backup of the interfaces file if you are new to linux:
so type the following commands in the lx terminal
so type the following commands in the lx terminal
sudo cp /etc/network/interfaces
/etc/network/interfaces.backup
Step 3: Modify the network settings
To edit the
network setting you must edit the interfaces file. The network can use a
dynamic (DHCP) IP address or a static (set) IP address. If you want
to remotely login and control the Raspberry Pi, it is a good idea to use a
static IP address.
The following command can be used to update the file in the linux terminal:
The following command can be used to update the file in the linux terminal:
sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
Look for the eth0 line which corresponds to the Raspberry pi ethernet (RJ45) port.
edit the file to look similar to this:
iface eth0 inet loopback
Look for the eth0 line which corresponds to the Raspberry pi ethernet (RJ45) port.
edit the file to look similar to this:
iface eth0 inet loopback
iface eth0
inet static
change them as to the properties of the wifi or the lan cable that are being used by the user for example (by using the echo wl obtaining the ip of it and changes are made as follows)
iface eth0
inet loopback
iface eth0 inet
static
address 10.66.12.139- the last number is as you desired(IP address depends on network connected)
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 1o.66.12.254
address 10.66.12.139- the last number is as you desired(IP address depends on network connected)
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 1o.66.12.254
Set the
address to the IP address you want the Raspberry Pi to occupy.
Once the file has been updated, use ctrl x to save and exit
Once the file has been updated, use ctrl x to save and exit
NOTE:No
extra new lines or the space not to be added
Step
4: Restart the Raspberry Pi
Once the
interfaces files has been updated, you must restart the Raspberry Pi for the
changes to take effect.
Used to following command to restart:
sudo shutdown -r now
Step 5: Test the new network setup
Used to following command to restart:
sudo shutdown -r now
Step 5: Test the new network setup
Use the
"ping" command to confirm that the Raspberry Pi is on the network and
talking to another computer also on the network.
If you have trouble pinging other computers on the network work, check the following:
1. Confirm that the ethernet cable is firmly connected to the Raspberry Pi and network switch.
2. Confirm that the IP address, mask and gateway are correct.
3. If pinging a Windows machine, sometimes security setting prevent responding to a ping request.
If you have trouble pinging other computers on the network work, check the following:
1. Confirm that the ethernet cable is firmly connected to the Raspberry Pi and network switch.
2. Confirm that the IP address, mask and gateway are correct.
3. If pinging a Windows machine, sometimes security setting prevent responding to a ping request.
For this type ping 10.66.12.138 the
IP should be similar to the IP of the raspberry pi given in the previous step.
Wi-Fi on Raspberry Pi by using any USB Modem
Wi-Fi
on Raspberry Pi:
A wireless usb adapter is needed for
accessing Wi-Fi on Raspberry Pi.
Step-1
After plugging in the usb adapter to the usb port provided by Raspberry Pi, open the LXTerminal
.
These commands have to be performed in the root mode .To enter the root mode, type the following command:
sudo su
After entering into the root mode type the command:
sudo apt-get update: To get all updates in Raspbian OS
lssub
This will list all the devices connected to the Raspberry Pi .Look for the wlan0 which confirms the reorganisation of the usb adapter by the OS.
Step-2
Install the
wicd-curses, for that type the following command in the LXTERMINAL
sudo apt-get install
wicd-curses
Type the following command:
sudo
wicd-curses
This will show all the networks available in the
surrounding area.
If can’t found any
wireless networks as above then click on the Prefs which is at the bottom of the above window or press P.
Then another window
will open in that find that wireless
interfaces is kept as wlan0, if
not keep manually as wlan0.
Then click OK or press F10, by this it will save the modifications.
Then you will be back
and you will see the window same as above.
Then click Refresh or press R, by this you can see the available wireless networks.
Preferably we have to select the network with 100% signal strength to avoid any errors.
Step-3
After selecting the network “ron”,we have to configure it by clicking on the
Config icon on the window opened.
In this window we have to enter the key
i.e the password of the network “ron”.
Save it by clicking on the F10: OK
option.
Step-4
After configuring the network ,press C
in order to connect to the network.
This will take some
time for obtaining the IP address. When the message is displayed that it is
connected to the network “ron” , exit LXTerminal and open the Epiphany web
browser
If the desires web address is opened
then our objective is completed and usb adapter is successfully configured.